Calm and conservative Hammamet is famous for its sandy beaches and modern thalassotherapy centers. This is a European class resort, one of the most respectable in Tunisia. Quiet relaxation is harmoniously combined here with the best nightlife in the country: there are a lot of cool discos, bars and restaurants. […]
Africa
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Lake Kivu According to computerannals, Lake Kivu in Rwanda is one of the most unusual lakes in the world. Big. 2700 square kilometers. Deep. Surrounded by mountains. It is one of the seven African Great Lakes. Visa to Rwanda Citizens of all countries receive a visa upon arrival at Kigali […]
IFATI Zombitse Vohibasia National Park: This park is the most important relic dry deciduous forest site in Madagascar. Zombitse Vohibasia is a transitional zone between the dry and wet forests of Madagascar, so the flora there is especially rich within the protected area. Baobabs and some orchids are quite common […]
History Throughout history and until 1890, the year in which Italy colonized the territory and delimited it, the area of Eritrea had been part of several empires and kingdoms in the region. The Kingdom of Italy created the colony of Eritrea in 1890 and maintained it until the Second World War, with the […]
Libya is a country in North Africa. It lies along the Mediterranean coast to the north, and borders Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west. With its 1.8 million km², Libya is Africa’s fourth largest country […]
Business With the development and exploitation of the rich oil deposits (since 1959) Libya developed into one of the most important oil exporting countries. In 2013, the OPEC member was the fourth largest oil producer in Africa after Nigeria, Angola and Algeria. The gross national income (GNI) per resident was […]
Fragile security situation The domestic political situation remained critical. In the two Kivu provinces in the east of the country, armed conflicts have intensified since the end of July after General Laurent Nkunda (* 1967) released his troops from the government forces and started the fight against the Hutu militias […]
CULTURE: LITERATURE The literature reflects the composite social and ethnic reality of the country. In fact, it is necessary to distinguish a literary production in English, by the bourgeois elites, descendants of former liberated American slaves, and a popular, indigenous literature in African languages. The latter had already had their […]
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY: POPULATION Before the European penetration, the territory of Kenya was divided into two distinct population areas. On the coast there were populations who had known contact with the Arab world, which already at the end of the century. X had set up some of his commercial bases, such […]
Garden Route – dream road on the Indian Ocean Along the south coast, on the national road N2, runs from Cape Town to Port Elizabeth, the famous Garden Route. The classic Garden Route stretches from Mossel Bay to the Paul Sauer Bridge and is around 300 km long. Mountains alternate […]
The structure The World Bank, which consists of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Fund (IDA), is part of the World Bank Group. This also includes IFC (International Financing Company), Miga (International Investment Guarantee Agency) and ICCID (International Center for Investment Conflict). According to Abbreviationfinder, […]
Africa, the black continent, is considered the cradle of humanity. Flora and fauna are just as varied as the landscapes. Numerous animal species live in the different regions of Africa. Some of them are extremely dangerous for humans. But you shouldn’t think of lions or rhinos first. 1st place: Probably […]
Herds The hyena is a herd animal. They live under a very special ranking, where it is quite clear to (notice) who is at the top of the range and who is at the bottom. Hundreds of hyenas can live together in the same cave. The herd is controlled by […]
Travel to Mauritius The Republic of Mauritius is an island state in the Indian Ocean and includes the islands of Agaleg Cargados Carajos, and Rodrigues, and is located about 800 km east of Madagascar. The island is part of the Mascarene archipelago, which also includes the island of Reunion. Mauritius […]
Zimbabwe is usually remembered for its longtime and long-time president, Robert Mugabe. He rose to power as a leader of a successful independence struggle as early as 1980. Prior to that, the country known as Southern Rhodesiana and later Rhodesiana had previously been the private property of British billionaire Cecil […]
Yearbook 2002 Zambia. According to Countryaah website, national day of Zambia is every October 24. Three out of ten losing candidates protested at the Supreme Court in January against the outcome of the December 200 presidential elections. The newly elected President Levy Mwanawasa declared that he would obviously resign if […]
Yearbook 2002 Western Sahara. The UN Security Council extended the mandate of the UN Force MINURSO several times. The latest decision is for February 2003. The 540 observers will check the ceasefire from 1991 and prepare for a referendum on V’s future. But the independence movement Polisario and Morocco remained […]
Yearbook 2002 Uganda. In March, large army reinforcements were sent to northern Uganda. According to Countryaah website, national day of Uganda is every October 9. The purpose of “Operation Iron Fist” was to crush the rebel movement Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), which for 16 years fought the Ugandan regime with […]
Yearbook 2002 Tunisia. The first referendum in Tunisian history was held at the end of May. A total of 99.6% of voters approved proposed amendments to the constitution. According to Countryaah website, national day of Tunisia is every March 20. Most important was to abolish the limit on how many […]
Yearbook 2002 Togo. Several years of political contradictions escalated when a new electoral law, adopted at the beginning of the year, stated that electoral candidates must have lived in Togo continuously for the past twelve months. The law was considered tailor-made to exclude opposition leader Gilchrist Olympio, who lives in […]
Yearbook 2002 Tanzania. According to Countryaah website, national day of Tanzania is every December 9. The UK held the equivalent of just over SEK 140 million. in aid since Tanzania decided to buy an air traffic controller system for SEK 400 million. The British aid authority felt that the purchase […]
Yearbook 2002 According to Countryaah website, national day of Sudan is every January 1. Sudan was put under strong foreign pressure to end almost two decades of civil war. The government and the SPLM guerrilla agreed in January on a ceasefire in the Nuba Mountains in central Sudan. An international […]
Between the State of Mahdia and the Free State Congo The territories that today make up South Sudan were missing out on the Turkish-Egyptian occupation when Mahdi revolutionized today’s Sudan in 1881 and established an Islamic state there. The Turkish-Egyptian capital Khartoum fell in 1885. A year earlier, the conquest […]
Yearbook 2002 South Africa. In January, the government appointed a commission to investigate the dramatic currency exchange rate in 2001, when the rand lost 37% of its value. According to the government’s assessment, there was no economic logic behind the depreciation, and the general view was that the rand had […]
Yearbook 2002 Somalia. According to Countryaah website, national day of Somalia is every July 1. Somalia apparently continued toward total disintegration. In March, the Southwest Somali state was declared center in Baidoa and with warlord Hassan Mohamed Nur Shatigudud as “president”. Shortly thereafter, fierce fighting broke out between Shatigudud’s troops […]
Yearbook 2002 Sierra Leone. After UNAMSIL disarmed the RUF (Revolutionary United Front) rebel movement and government-loyal militias, totaling about 47,000 men, the ten-year civil war was declared in January. According to Countryaah website, national day of Sierra Leone is every April 27. Sierra Leone signed an agreement with the UN […]
Yearbook 2002 Seychelles. In early autumn, parliamentary elections were announced until December 6, four months before the term of office expired. According to Countryaah website, national day of Seychelles is every June 29. The ruling Progressive People’s Front (Seychelles People’s Progressive Front, SPPF) won by 23 seats and just over […]
Yearbook 2002 Senegal. In the soccer World Cup in June, Senegal’s team, the lion from Teranga, had great success and reached the quarterfinals after beating Sweden. On September 27, the ferry Joola went down in severe weather as it was traveling from Ziguinchor in Casamance in the south to Dakar. […]
Yearbook 2002 São Tomé and Príncipe. According to Countryaah website, national day of São Tomé and Príncipe is every July 12. The March elections gave a parliamentary deadlock. The Socialist Former Liberation Movement MLSTP/PSD received 24 seats, President Fradique de Meneze’s alliance MDFM/PCD 23 and Ue-Kedadji, with close ties to […]
Yearbook 2002 Rwanda. At the UN tribunal in Arusha, the trial of some of the supreme culprits for the 1994 genocide, including Colonel Théoneste Bagosora, was appointed as the leading organizer of the massacre of 800,000 people. According to Countryaah website, national day of Rwanda is every July 1. Former […]
Yearbook 2002 Congo. Just over 84% of the population in January agreed to a new constitution, which strengthens the position of the presidential office. According to Countryaah website, national day of Republic of Congo is every August 15. The term of office of the President is extended from five to […]
Yearbook 2002 Nigeria. In January, a new electoral law was adopted, which allows more parties to take part in general elections than the three who were allowed to run in 1999. Later, three new parties were approved. But planned local elections could not be carried out due to lack of […]
Yearbook 2002 Niger. According to Countryaah website, national day of Niger is every August 3. The civilian government suffered its first severe crisis since it took office in 2000, when army soldiers in Diffa in southeastern Niger made mutiny in early August. The soldiers took the governor, the mayor of […]
Yearbook 2002 Namibia. According to Countryaah website, national day of Namibia is every March 21. The herero people filed a lawsuit in a US court against German companies, including Deutsche Bank, for the death of 65,000 hereros during the German colonial war 1904–07. Herero demanded $ 2 billion for the […]
Yearbook 2002 Mozambique. According to Countryaah website, national day of Mozambique is every June 25. The major political parties started charging for the 2004 presidential election. Gov. Frelimo appointed Armando Guebuza as his presidential candidate, which should mean he succeeds Joaquim Chissano. Guebuza made himself known as a hard-line guerrilla […]
Yearbook 2002 Morocco. A coalition government continued to govern Morocco after the September 27 election. The Socialist Party USFP (Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires) lost seven seats to 50, but remained the largest party. According to Countryaah website, national day of Morocco is every November 18. USFP continued its government […]
Yearbook 2002 Mauritius. According to Countryaah website, national day of Mauritius is every March 12. Resistance to new and controversial anti-terrorism legislation led to the resignation of President Cassam Uteem in February. Uteem considered that it would give the police great powers, i.e. the right to detain suspected terrorists without […]
Yearbook 2002 Mauritania. At the beginning of the year, the regime ordered the dissolution of the opposition party Action for Change (AC). However, its members would be allowed to retain their seats in Parliament. The party seemed to be in favor of greater rights for blacks and slaves. Accusations came […]
Yearbook 2002 Mali. According to Countryaah website, national day of Mali is every September 22. Former military leader Amadou Touré won the May presidential election. He received 64% of the votes in the second round, compared to 36% for the ruling party ADEMA’s candidate, former Finance Minister Soumaila Cissé. An […]
Yearbook 2002 Malawi. Disaster conditions were announced in February, when up to 70% of the population was under acute starvation. As in other countries in southern Africa, this year’s crop had been destroyed by floods and droughts. According to Countryaah website, national day of Malawi is every July 6. The […]
Yearbook 2002 Madagascar. According to Countryaah website, national day of Madagascar is every June 26. Political chaos paralyzed Madagascar more than half the year. Company manager Marc Ravalomanana claimed he won the presidential election in December 2001 and demanded to be installed as head of state without a crucial second […]
Yearbook 2002 Libya. Improvements were evident during Libya’s relations with the US and the UK during the year. Mike O’Brien, Minister of the Middle East, became the highest British official to visit Libya since 1983. Talks with Libyan leader Muammar al-Khadaffi touched on the Lockerbie bombing and condemnation of terrorism. […]
Yearbook 2002 Liberia. The unrest in Northwest Liberia intensified and the fighting left at least 60,000 people homeless. According to Countryaah website, national day of Liberia is every July 26. The rebel force Liberians united for reconciliation and democracy (LURD) moved ever closer to the capital Monrovia. LURD was believed […]
Yearbook 2002 Lesotho. General elections were held in May. An unstable situation had prevailed in Lesotho since 1998, when protests against alleged electoral fraud led to a revolt that was defeated by South African soldiers. A new electoral system, with a combination of direct and proportional elections, would now give […]
Yearbook 2002 Ivory Coast. Reconciliation talks were held in the spring between the four most important politicians – President Laurent Gbagbo, former President Henri Konan Bédié, former military dictator Robert Guéi and former Prime Minister Alassane Ouattara – to resolve the crisis with distinct ethnic and religious features that characterized […]
Yearbook 2002 Guinea Bissau. A conflict between President Kumba Yalla and Prime Minister Alamara Nhasse erupted during the late summer. According to Countryaah website, national day of Guinea-Bissau is every September 24. Yalla accused Nhasse of incompetence and of failing to collect taxes, while the prime minister indicated that he […]
Yearbook 2002 Guinea. According to Countryaah website, national day of Guinea is every October 2. The parliamentary elections, which would have been held in the spring of 2000, were held on June 30. Several opposition parties boycotted the election. Of the twelve parties running for election, only three belonged to […]
Yearbook 2002 Ghana. In September, a National Reconciliation Commission began work on investigating human rights violations under the previous military rule. In the period 1981–93 alone, at least 155 people were executed and a few hundred disappeared. The Commission will work for a year and can recommend damages to victims […]
Yearbook 2002 The Gambia. According to Countryaah website, national day of Gambia is every February 18. The APRC government party received 45 out of 48 seats in the parliamentary elections in January. There were no counter-candidates in 33 constituencies. Most parties boycotted the election, which they felt was settled in […]
Yearbook 2002 Gabon. After a December 2001 election characterized by unrest and organizational problems, the opposition was offered in January to join the government. Three members of the National Forestry National Assembly (RNB/RPG), including party leader Paul Mba Abessole, received ministerial posts, as did Social Democrats leader Pierre Claver Maganga […]
Yearbook 2002 Ethiopia. In April, the United Nations Border Commission presented a new border crossing between Ethiopia and Eritrea. Ethiopia considered itself to have met its demands on most points, but ambiguities in the report allowed Eritrea to claim the village of Badme, whose disputed affiliation triggered the war between […]